资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
广州现“不收特斯拉”标语 车商:收一辆平均亏三四万****** 原标题:广州一家二手车市场竖起“不收特斯拉”标语 车商:收一辆平均亏三四万 新年伊始,特斯拉“跳水式”降价导致多地车主开始维权,只不过这一波大尺度地降价,受伤的不仅有车主,还有二手车商。近日,在广州番禺公园附近的小锤二手车市场门口竖立的“不收特斯拉”大幅标语,引发舆论普遍关注。1月13日,小锤二手车市场负责人温先生回应上游新闻记者称:“特斯拉性价比并不足以支撑它的价格,我个人认为还有一个很长的下行空间。收特斯拉的同行基本上一辆车平均要亏3万到4万。” 二手车商挂海报拒收特斯拉 1月13日,小锤二手车市场的负责人温先生告诉上游新闻记者:“我主做电车二手车,但去年四五月份就没收特斯拉了,这个标语也是从那个时候竖起来的。”至于原因,温先生称:“二手车商收特斯拉,个人觉得商业风险系数是非常高的,因为特斯拉性价比不足以支撑起来它这个价格。” 电池是电车的心脏,也是买卖二手车关注的点。温先生以特斯拉车载4680电池举例。4680电池即直径46mm、高80mm的圆柱形电池。据记者了解,在2020年9月,特斯拉发布了4680电池并宣称,能量密度提升了5倍,续航里程提升了16%,输出功率提升了6倍,并且成本降低了14%。 长期从事电车二手车生意的温先生认为,这些都是噱头。他表示:“特斯拉很多的技术,比如现在的4680电池在实际使用中,我们发现并没有达到厂商所描述的电池密度方面的高性能。另外,特斯拉本身车的大小、电池续航里程以及车子用料,跟10多万的A级车是差不多的,所以二手车商收特斯拉,个人觉得不值得。在特斯拉新车又降价后,性能方面还是不足以支撑这个价格,所以个人认为特斯拉价格还有一个很长的下行空间。” Model Y摆3个多月亏四五万 对于如今特斯拉二手车的行情,温先生坦言:“如果有特斯拉的用户找我收,我依然是拒绝的,包括收二手特斯拉车的同行,基本上一台车要亏3万到4万元。在广州最大的宝利捷二手车交易城里,一家比较大的主做特斯拉的二手车商,已经做不下去了,(店铺)牌子已经换了,不少做特斯拉的车商都亏得比较多。”温先生强调,“二手车跟别的商品不一样,它属于流通性强的低毛利低风险商品。现在的广州二手车市场,收一辆特斯拉平均亏3万到4万。对于车商来说亏三四万是很夸张的,因为一台二手车的毛利一般在1万块钱左右,如果一台二手车亏3万到4万,是其他车的两三倍了。 ” 以特斯拉顶配Model Y为例,1月13日下午,上游新闻记者联系上在重庆南岸区从事二手车销售的万经理,他连声表示:“不好做不好做!收车时,特斯拉顶配Model Y新车价还在41.79万元,二手车1年多车龄,能挂到39万元左右。去年10月底官宣降价至39.79万元,二手车价也只能在35万-36万元左右。3个月不到,新车价又跌到35.99万元,其二手价格只能挂到30-32万左右。像这种中型SUV顶配版,流转速度本来就慢,加上不断地价格波动,潜在二手车消费者都不敢买了。这一台顶配车收来3个多月,摆在这里停起,硬亏四五万了。” 保值率继续下滑波及国产电车 一款车的保值率,主要取决于其保有量,以及新车价格的稳定性。对于特斯拉而言,新年伊始的大幅降价打破了新车价格稳定性,造成二手车市场出现震动。 近日,中国汽车流通协会发布了《2022年12月中国汽车保值率研究报告》数据显示,Model Y和Model 3保值率(一年车龄,下同)分别为81.0%、77.9%,分列第9和14名,而在2022年上半年,Model Y还以88.76%、Model 3以83.03%的成绩,各自在中型SUV和中型车中排列第1位。 广州二手车商温先生表示:“在经历2022年10月份的大幅官降后,特斯拉新车指导价回落,导致二手车行情受到较大影响,其贬值速度之快、市场波动之大,成为二手车商眼中的‘烫手山芋’。如果再考虑到2023年1月初特斯拉再度官降的因素,今年1月份Model Y和Model 3的保值率大概率将不容乐观。” 在温先生看来,作为新能源电车的龙头企业,特斯拉大幅降价有其明显的市场意图。他认为:“特斯拉利用其超级工厂的规模,此番降价把整车毛利的天花板再次往下压,导致整车生产销售链条上的相关企业都很难赚钱。对国产二手电车来说,客户对国产电车预期也要降一两万元,这样一来,我们二手车生意也难做了不少。” 上游新闻记者 冯盛雍 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |